ROSECODE 535
Skipping squares revisited
For positive integer ( ), we begin a sum at 0 and repeatedly apply a process: we add one integer to from 1 to with equal probability. The process ends when is a perfect square. For example, if goes through 0, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, the process ends at = 9, and two squares 1 and 4 were skipped over.
Let be the expected number of perfect squares skipped over when the process finishes for parameter . For example, and , both rounded to 10 digits after the decimal point.
Find . Give your answer rounded to 10 digits after the decimal point.
This problem was inspired by Problem 648 at Project Euler (https://projecteuler.net/problem=648)
Let
Find
This problem was inspired by Problem 648 at Project Euler (https://projecteuler.net/problem=648)